One by one the potentates of 30 countries, or their representatives, appeared on the stage at the Egyptian resort town of Sharm el-Sheikh, to be photographed with the American president Donald Trump. They were there on October 13, 2025, to acknowledge a major breakthrough in the Israel-Hamas conflict, and in shaping the future of the Middle East, that the president himself had negotiated.
They included President Abdel Fattah el-Sisi of Egypt, Emir Sheikh Tamim bin Hamad al-Thani of Qatar, President Recep Tayyip Erdogan of Turkey, Mahmoud Abbas of the Palestinian Authority, King Abdullah II of Jordan, King Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa of Bahrain; the prime ministers of Britain, Italy, Germany, Canada, Pakistan, and Armenia; the presidents of France and Azerbaijan; as well as the secretaries-general of the United Nations and the Arab League. Both Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates also sent senior representatives.
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